List of F1 Teams

In Formula One, “constructor” and “entrant” are related but not identical terms. A constructor is the person or corporate entity that designs the key listed parts of the car. Under Article 6.3 of the FIA Sporting Regulations, those listed parts include the survival cell, the front impact structure, the roll structures and the bodywork. The make of the chassis or engine is the name attributed to it by its constructor.

An entrant, by contrast, is the person or corporate entity that registers a car and driver for a race and is responsible for preparing and maintaining that car during a race weekend. Because entrants are the operational entities running the cars, the term “team” became the common practical label, even though statisticians do not always count constructor-related records in exactly the same way.

When the chassis and engine are made by different entities, the official constructor name combines them, with the chassis constructor listed first. That is why names such as McLaren-Mercedes and Lotus-Climax exist. Historically, the same chassis running with different engines counted as different constructors for statistical and championship purposes. The last time that happened was in 1985, when Tyrrell ran both Ford- and Renault-powered versions of its chassis, scored points with both, and finished 9th in the World Constructors’ Championship as Tyrrell-Ford and 10th as Tyrrell-Renault.

Under Article 6.2 of the FIA Sporting Regulations, the title of Formula One World Champion Constructor goes to the competitor that scores the highest number of points. From the start of the World Constructors’ Championship in 1958 through 1978, only the highest-scoring driver per constructor in each race contributed to the constructor total. Since 1979, all cars entered by each constructor have counted toward the championship total.

Before 1981, teams could buy and race chassis built by another company, and constructors were free to sell those chassis to multiple entrants. This meant there was a clearer distinction between the constructor that built the car and the entrant that actually ran it. Brabham and Lotus chassis, for example, were widely used by other teams in the 1960s and 1970s, and several strong privateers never built their own cars at all.

The most famous privateer example was Rob Walker Racing Team, which delivered the first Formula One victories for both Cooper and Lotus. In that earlier era, the idea of a “works” or “factory” team mattered in the same way it did in rallying and sports car racing: the official team from the car maker competed alongside customer teams that bought the cars.

The modern era began in 1981, when the FIA required Formula One entrants to own the intellectual rights to the chassis they entered. That made the distinction between “entrant,” “constructor,” and “team” much less pronounced, though engines could still be owned by other entities. The same year, the International Cup for Formula One Constructors was officially renamed the World Constructors’ Championship.

Even after that shift, a few grey areas remained. Lola designed and built cars for Larrousse from 1987 to 1991 and for Scuderia Italia in 1993, while Dallara built Scuderia Italia’s cars from 1988 to 1992. Larrousse lost all of its 1990 points after the FIA ruled that it had falsely nominated itself rather than Lola as the chassis constructor. In 1978, Arrows was successfully sued by Shadow because the Arrows FA/1 was judged by the UK High Court to be a copy of the Shadow DN9, resulting in a ban on Arrows using the FA/1. Later concerns involving Ligier in 1995, Sauber in 2004, Scuderia Toro Rosso in 2006–2007 and Super Aguri in 2007–2008 did not lead to sanctions, because the authorities were satisfied that those teams owned the intellectual property of the chassis they raced.

Constructors score points according to the finishing positions of their two drivers at Grands Prix. The constructor with the most points over a season becomes the World Constructors’ Champion. As of the 2026 Australian Grand Prix, 174 Formula One constructors had started at least one of the 1,150 FIA World Championship races held since 1950.

Ferrari stands alone statistically. Ferrari holds the record for the most Constructors’ Championships with 16, and the most Drivers’ Championships won with 15. Ferrari also owns the all-time records for the most wins by a constructor, the most pole positions, the most points, and the most podiums. It has entered more Grand Prix than any other constructor, and it also holds the record for the most starts.

Across all constructors, some of the other major historical totals include McLaren, 10 Constructors’ Championships and 13 Drivers’ Championships; Mercedes with 8 Constructors’ Championships and 9 Drivers’ Championships; Williams 9 Constructors’ Championships and 7 Drivers’ Championships; Red Bull Racing with 6 Constructors’ Championships and 8 Drivers’ Championships; Lotus from the 1958–1994 era with 7 Constructors’ Championships and 6 Drivers’ Championships; and Renault with 2 Constructors’ Championships and 2 Drivers’ Championships.

Several constructors won championships despite relatively brief spells. Brawn GP won 1 Constructors’ Championship and 1 Drivers’ Championship in its only season, 2009. Matra won 1 Constructors’ Championship and 1 Drivers’ Championship. Vanwall won 1 Constructors’ Championship. Cooper won 2 Constructors’ and 2 Drivers’ Championships. Brabham won 2 Constructors’ and 4 Drivers’ Championships. Tyrrell won 1 Constructors’ and 2 Drivers’ Championships.

As of the 2026 Australian Grand Prix, the active 2026 constructors were Alpine, Aston Martin, Atlassian Williams, Audi, Cadillac, Ferrari, Haas, McLaren, Mercedes, Racing Bulls, and Red Bull Racing. The newest debutants were Audi and Cadillac, both entering Formula One at the 2026 Australian Grand Prix.

Alpine, licensed in France and based in the United Kingdom, used Mercedes engines and had competed from 2021 to the present. Its record stood at 115 races entered and 115 started, with 5 drivers, 230 total entries, 1 win, 536 points, 0 poles, 1 fastest lap, 6 podiums, and no world titles. Its antecedents were Toleman (1981–1985), Benetton (1986–2001), Renault (2002–2011 and 2016–2020), and Lotus (2012–2015).

Aston Martin, licensed and based in the United Kingdom and using Honda engines, had raced in 1959–1960 and from 2021 onward. It had entered 121 races and started 120, used 7 drivers, logged 241 total entries, and scored 597 points, 3 fastest laps and 9 podiums without a win or world title. Its lineage ran through Jordan, Midland, Spyker, Force India, Racing Point and then Aston Martin.

Atlassian Williams, licensed and based in the United Kingdom and powered by Mercedes, had raced from 1978 to the present. Its totals were 852 entries, 851 starts, 49 drivers, 1,621 total entries, 114 wins, 3,774 points, 128 poles, 134 fastest laps, 315 podiums, 9 Constructors’ Championships and 7 Drivers’ Championships.

Audi, licensed in Germany and based across Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Germany, used Audi engines and debuted in 2026. After its first race it had 1 entry, 1 start, 2 drivers, 2 total entries, 2 points, and no wins, poles, fastest laps, podiums, or titles. Its antecedents were Sauber, BMW Sauber, Alfa Romeo and Kick Sauber.

Cadillac, licensed in the United States and based in the United States and United Kingdom, used Ferrari engines and also debuted in 2026. After its first race it had 1 entry, 1 start, 2 drivers, 2 total entries, and no points, wins, poles, fastest laps, podiums or titles.

Ferrari, licensed and based in Italy and powered by Ferrari engines, had raced continuously from 1950 to the present. Its 1,125 entries, 1,123 starts, 83 drivers, 2,376 total entries, 248 wins, 10,749 points, 254 poles, 265 fastest laps, 837 podiums, 16 Constructors’ Championships and 15 Drivers’ Championships make it the benchmark constructor in F1 history.

Haas, licensed in the United States and based in the United States, United Kingdom and Italy, used Ferrari engines and had competed since 2016. It had 215 entries and starts, 9 drivers, 430 total entries, 392 points, 1 pole and 3 fastest laps, but no win, podium or world title.

McLaren, licensed and based in the United Kingdom and powered by Mercedes, had raced from 1966 to the present. It stood on 999 entries, 995 starts, 52 drivers, 2,067 total entries, 203 wins, 7,800.5 points, 177 poles, 183 fastest laps, 558 podiums, 10 Constructors’ Championships and 13 Drivers’ Championships.

Mercedes, licensed in Germany and based in the United Kingdom, had raced in 1954–1955 and from 2010 onward. It had 342 entries and starts, 13 drivers, 696 total entries, 132 wins, 8,202.5 points, 144 poles, 115 fastest laps, 312 podiums, 8 Constructors’ Championships and 9 Drivers’ Championships. Its antecedents were Tyrrell, BAR, Honda and Brawn.

Racing Bulls, licensed in Italy and based in Italy and the United Kingdom, used Red Bull Ford engines and had raced since 2024. It had 49 entries and starts, 5 drivers, 98 total entries, 142 points, 1 fastest lap and 1 podium, with no wins, poles or titles. Its antecedents were Minardi, Toro Rosso and AlphaTauri.

Red Bull Racing, licensed in Austria and based in the United Kingdom, used Red Bull Ford engines and had raced since 2005. Its totals were 419 entries, 418 starts, 14 drivers, 838 total entries, 130 wins, 8,296 points, 111 poles, 103 fastest laps, 297 podiums, 6 Constructors’ Championships and 8 Drivers’ Championships. Its antecedents were Stewart and Jaguar.

The former constructors’ list spans the entire history of the championship, from one-off early entries to long-standing title winners. Among the most significant were Alfa Romeo, which raced in 1950–1951, 1979–1985 and 2019–2023, won 10 races, scored 199 points, took 12 poles and 16 fastest laps, earned 26 podiums, and won 2 Drivers’ Championships. Benetton raced from 1986 to 2001, won 27 races, scored 851.5 points, took 15 poles, 36 fastest laps and 102 podiums, and won 1 Constructors’ Championship and 2 Drivers’ Championships.

Brabham competed in 1962–1987 and 1989–1992, entering 403 races and starting 394. It won 35 races, scored 843 points, took 39 poles and 41 fastest laps, reached 124 podiums, and won 2 Constructors’ Championships and 4 Drivers’ Championships. Brawn GP, though present only in 2009, had one of the most efficient records in the sport: 17 entries, 17 starts, 8 wins, 172 points, 5 poles, 4 fastest laps, 15 podiums, and both world titles.

British Racing Motors appeared in 1951 and 1956–1977. It won 17 races, scored 385 points, took 11 poles, 15 fastest laps and 61 podiums, and won 1 Constructors’ and 1 Drivers’ Championship. Cooper Car Company, competing from 1950 and 1952–1969, won 16 races, scored 301 points, took 11 poles, 14 fastest laps and 58 podiums, and won 2 Constructors’ and 2 Drivers’ Championships.

Honda, as a constructor rather than only an engine supplier, raced in 1964–1968 and 2006–2008, winning 3 races, scoring 154 points, taking 2 poles and 2 fastest laps, and finishing with 9 podiums. Jordan, licensed in Ireland and active from 1991 to 2005, won 4 races and scored 291 points. Jaguar, present from 2000 to 2004, did not win but scored 49 points and 2 podiums before evolving into Red Bull Racing.

Ligier, including Talbot Ligier, raced from 1976 to 1996 and won 9 races, with 388 points, 9 poles, 10 fastest laps and 50 podiums. Lotus from 1958 to 1994 was one of the all-time great constructors: 491 races entered, 489 started, 79 wins, 1,332 points, 107 poles, 70 fastest laps, 172 podiums, 7 Constructors’ Championships and 6 Drivers’ Championships. The later Lotus name in 2010–2011, licensed in Malaysia, was separate and scored no points; the Lotus constructor from 2012–2015, licensed in the United Kingdom, won 2 races, scored 706 points and took 25 podiums.

Matra, active from 1967 to 1972, won 9 races, scored 163 points, took 4 poles, 12 fastest laps and 21 podiums, and won 1 Constructors’ and 1 Drivers’ Championship. Renault, racing in 1977–1985, 2002–2011 and 2016–2020, won 35 races, scored 1,777 points, took 51 poles, 33 fastest laps and 103 podiums, and won 2 Constructors’ and 2 Drivers’ Championships.

Sauber, BMW Sauber and Kick Sauber together, listed as a single historical stream from 1993–2018 and 2024–2025, entered 513 races and started 510, achieving 1 win, 939 points, 1 pole, 5 fastest laps and 27 podiums. Shadow, licensed first in the United States and later in the United Kingdom, recorded 1 win, 67.5 points, 3 poles and 7 podiums. Stewart won 1 race and scored 47 points in 1997–1999. Toro Rosso, active in 2006–2019, won 1 race and scored 500 points. Toyota, from 2002–2009, never won but scored 278.5 points, with 3 poles, 3 fastest laps and 13 podiums. Tyrrell, from 1970–1998, won 23 races, scored 617 points, took 14 poles, 20 fastest laps and 77 podiums, and won 1 Constructors’ and 2 Drivers’ Championships. Vanwall, from 1954–1960, won 9 races, scored 48 points, took 7 poles and 6 fastest laps, reached 13 podiums, and won the first Constructors’ title.

Numerous smaller or shorter-lived names also form part of the record: AGS, Andrea Moda, Apollon, Arrows, ATS, British American Racing, Caterham, Coloni, Connew, Dallara, De Tomaso, Eifelland, Ensign, EuroBrun, Fittipaldi Automotive, Fondmetal, Forti, Hesketh, HRT, Larrousse, Leyton House, Life, Lola, March, Marussia, Minardi, Onyx, Osella, Pacific, Penske, Prost, RAM, Racing Point Force India, Racing Point, Rial, Simtek, Spirit, Spyker, Super Aguri, Surtees, Tecno, Theodore, Toleman, Trojan, Venturi, Virgin, Walter Wolf Racing, and Zakspeed.

The one-off and ultra-short-lived names are also part of the complete constructor history: Alex von Falkenhausen Motorenbau, Alfa Special, Alta, Amon, Arzani-Volpini, Aston Butterworth, Automobili Turismo e Sport, Behra-Porsche, Bellasi, Boro, British Racing Partnership, Bugatti, Cisitalia, Connaught, Eagle, Emeryson, Eisenacher Motorenwerk, Ecurie Nationale Belge, English Racing Automobiles, Ferguson Research Ltd., FIRST, Frank Williams Racing Cars, Frazer-Nash, Fry, Gilby Engineering, Gordini, Greifzu, Hill, HWM, JBW, Kauhsen, Klenk, Kojima, Kurtis Kraft, Lambo, Lancia, LDS, LEC, Lyncar, Maki, Manor, Martini, Maserati, MBM, McGuire, Merzario, Midland, Milano, O.S.C.A., Parnelli, Porsche, RE, Rebaque, Scarab, Scirocco, Shannon, Simca-Gordini, SVA, Talbot-Lago, Tec-Mec, Token, Veritas, and others listed in the historical record.

In F1, teams do not race under the nationality of their owners or the location of their factory, but under the nationality of the parent National Automobile Club that issued their FIA licence. This is different from drivers, who compete under the nationality of their passport and, if they hold multiple citizenships, may choose their official nationality.

That rule has important consequences. Although many current teams are based in the United Kingdom, only teams licensed by the British authority officially represent Great Britain in Formula One. On the 2026 grid, Aston Martin, Williams and McLaren were the British-licensed teams. Others were based in Britain but licensed elsewhere, such as Mercedes in Germany, Red Bull Racing in Austria, Alpine in France, and Racing Bulls in Italy.

A team’s nationality can change. Examples include Shadow switching in 1976 from American to British, Benetton switching in 1996 from British to Italian, Red Bull in 2007 from British to Austrian, and Renault changing in 2011 from French to British and then in 2016 back to French. Benetton became the only team to achieve victories under two different nationalities when it won as both a British- and an Italian-licensed entrant, a distinction completed by the 1997 German Grand Prix.

The nationality of the licence also determines the national anthem played for the winning team on the podium, after the anthem for the winning driver. This sometimes created counterintuitive outcomes. In 2000 and 2001, Benetton was owned by the French company Renault and based in Britain, but an Italian anthem would have been played for a Benetton team victory because the team held an Italian licence. Errors also occurred on official entry lists and podium ceremonies: Wolf, though Canadian-licensed, and Shadow in 1973 and Penske, though American-licensed, were wrongly identified as British. The British anthem was also mistakenly played for Jordan’s first victory in 1998 even though the team was Irish-licensed, and for Red Bull’s first victory in 2009 even though the team was Austrian-licensed.

Before sponsorship liveries arrived in 1968, team nationality also dictated a car’s colour. Italian teams ran in rosso corsa red, French teams in bleu de France blue, and British teams, with a few exceptions, in British racing green. Because licences were attached to teams rather than constructors, privateers could run another country’s constructor in their own national colours. Guy Ligier’s private team, for instance, raced British-built Cooper cars painted in French blue in 1966 and 1967.

Permanent racing numbers were used by teams from the middle of the 1973 season, beginning at the Belgian Grand Prix, until the end of the 2013 season. From 1974 to 1995 those numbers were mainly tied to the teams’ finishing positions in the 1973 Constructors’ Championship, with some notable modifications. Ferrari, for example, traditionally used 11 and 12 until 1980 and then 27 and 28 from 1981 onward. The only regular exception to number changes was Tyrrell, which kept 3 and 4 every year during the entire 1974–1995 period.

Under the 1974–1995 system, the reigning World Drivers’ Champion carried number 1 and his teammate number 2, and the team that had previously held those numbers moved to the vacated set. From 1996 to 2013, team numbers were based on the previous season’s Constructors’ Championship standings, again with 1 and 2 reserved for the defending champion and teammate. Since 2014, racing numbers have been assigned to drivers rather than teams.

The number of cars a team could enter was also more fluid in the early decades. In the 1950s and early 1960s, there was no strict hard cap. From 1963 onward, teams were generally allowed to enter two regular cars, with a third reserved for an occasional driver. This became even more formal in 1974 when permanent numbers were assigned in pairs and the third car had to fall outside that pair. More than three cars was occasionally tolerated: BRM notably ran very large entries in 1971 and 1972. Ferrari, by contrast, entered no more than two cars every season from 1973 onward except for one special case at the 1976 Italian Grand Prix linked to Niki Lauda’s comeback.

Since 1985, the FIA has required teams to enter no more than two cars per race. Renault became the last team to field three cars in a Formula One race, doing so at the 1985 German Grand Prix, though only two were eligible for championship points.

From 1950 to 1960, the Indianapolis 500 counted toward the Formula One World Drivers’ Championship, even though it sat somewhat apart from the rest of the championship in sporting and technical terms. Because of that, a separate group of constructors appears in the official Formula One historical record whose only World Championship participation came through Indianapolis.

All of these constructors were based in the United States. The list is Adams, Bromme, Christensen, Emil Diedt, Frank DelRoy, Dunn, Elder, Quin Epperly, Wayne Ewing, Hall, Eddie Kuzma, Langley, Lesovsky, Carl Marchese, Meskowski, Lou Moore, Nichels, Olson, Pankratz, Pawl, Phillips, Johnny Rae, George Salih, Schroeder, Sherman, Russ Snowberger, Stevens, Sutton, Trevis, Turner, A. J. Watson and Wetteroth.

They did not take part in the regular European-centred Formula One scene in the way most people think of F1 constructors, but they are still part of the official World Championship constructor record because Indianapolis formed part of the championship during that period.

Privateer teams were entrants that raced cars built by other constructors rather than building their own chassis. They existed from the inaugural 1950 British Grand Prix up to the 1981 Spanish Grand Prix. At that 1981 Spanish Grand Prix, Equipe Banco Occidental became the last privateer team to enter a car alongside a works team in a World Championship race, running a Williams alongside the official Williams team.

From 1950 to 1981, privateer teams won 20 World Championship races in total. Only once did a privateer team help a constructor and driver win their world titles in the same season: Matra International did so in 1969, helping Matra win the World Constructors’ Championship and Jackie Stewart win the World Drivers’ Championship.

The privateer teams that never built their own chassis included AE Moss, Bernard White Racing, BMS Scuderia Italia, British Formula One Racing Team, BS Fabrications, Camoradi International, DW Racing Enterprises, Ecurie Belge, Ecurie Bleue, Ecurie Bonnier, Ecurie Ecosse, Ecurie Espadon, Ecurie Lutetia, Ecurie Maarsbergen, Ecurie Rosier, Enrico Platé, Equipe Banco Occidental, Equipe Moss, Escuderia Bandeirantes, FISA, FR Gerard Cars, Goldie Hexagon Racing, John Willment Automobiles, Matra International, Mecom Racing Team, North American Racing Team, Otelle Nucci, Reg Parnell Racing, Rob Walker Racing Team, Scuderia Achille Varzi, Scuderia Ambrosiana, Scuderia Centro Sud, Scuderia Filipinetti, Scuderia Franera, Scuderia Sant’Ambroeus, Scuderia Sud Americana, Silvio Moser Racing Team, T.A.S.O. Mathieson, and Team Gunston.

Among privateers, Matra International and Tyrrell Racing was the most successful combination, with 10 wins from the 1968 Dutch Grand Prix to the 1970 Spanish Grand Prix. Those wins came with Matra for 9 victories and March for 1. Rob Walker Racing scored 9 wins from the 1958 Argentine Grand Prix to the 1968 British Grand Prix, taking 4 with Cooper and 5 with Lotus. FISA scored 1 privateer win at the 1961 French Grand Prix with Ferrari, which was also that team’s only championship race.

The first major pattern is continuity through renaming and ownership change. Several modern constructors are effectively the latest expressions of much older organisations. Alpine traces back through Toleman, Benetton, Renault and Lotus. Aston Martin comes through Jordan, Midland, Spyker, Force India and Racing Point. Audi continues the Sauber/BMW Sauber/Alfa Romeo/Kick Sauber stream. Mercedes runs through Tyrrell, BAR, Honda and Brawn. Racing Bulls descends from Minardi, Toro Rosso and AlphaTauri. Red Bull Racing came from Stewart and Jaguar.

The second pattern is the centrality of Britain as a base. Even when teams are licensed elsewhere, most modern constructors have been based in the United Kingdom since the early 2000s. The main non-UK modern bases are in Italy, Switzerland and the United States. A historical note highlights that until 1965 works teams were licensed where they were actually based, but this became more complicated when Honda moved its works team from Tokyo to Amsterdam in 1965, followed by the American-licensed Anglo American Racers team being based in Rye, East Sussex, in 1966.

The third pattern is the contrast between giants and minnows. Ferrari dominates in virtually every cumulative category: championships, wins, poles, points, podiums, entries and starts. Yet Formula One’s constructor record also contains dozens of tiny projects, one-race teams, and barely-started efforts such as FIRST, which entered one race but made no starts, or Life, which entered 14 races without starting one. Some names made very few starts but remain historically notable because they were stepping stones, engineering experiments, or linked to famous individuals and companies.

The fourth pattern is that success is not always long-lived. Brawn GP won both titles in its only year. Vanwall won the first Constructors’ title in a short span. Matra captured both titles despite a brief constructor lifespan. Stewart won a race and then became Jaguar, which itself never won before becoming Red Bull Racing, later one of the sport’s dominant forces.

The fifth pattern is that “constructor” history includes more than modern fans often assume. It includes the Indianapolis 500-only specialists of 1950–1960, the privateers who raced customer cars until 1981, and the many separate statistical identities created when the same chassis was paired with different engines. The official list therefore captures not only the current team structure of Formula One, but also every major regulatory, commercial, and technical phase through which the championship has passed.

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